diff --git a/packages/rstack/src/configLayers.ts b/packages/rstack/src/configLayers.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f97ae2b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/rstack/src/configLayers.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import type {
+  ConfigParams as AppConfigParams,
+  RsbuildConfig,
+} from '@rsbuild/core';
+import type { ConfigParams as LibConfigParams, RslibConfig } from '@rslib/core';
+import type { RslintConfig } from '@rslint/core';
+import type { UserConfig as RspressConfig } from '@rspress/core';
+import type { RstestConfig } from '@rstest/core';
+import type { Configs } from './config.ts';
+import type { FmtConfig } from './fmt/types.ts';
+import type { StagedConfig } from './staged.ts';
+
+type ConfigValues = {
+  app: RsbuildConfig;
+  lib: RslibConfig;
+  doc: RspressConfig;
+  test: RstestConfig;
+  lint: RslintConfig;
+  fmt: FmtConfig;
+  staged: StagedConfig;
+};
+
+type ConfigArgs<K extends keyof Configs> = K extends 'app'
+  ? [params: AppConfigParams]
+  : K extends 'lib'
+    ? [params: LibConfigParams]
+    : [];
+
+/**
+ * Resolve one tool from ordered, normalized config layers. Lint factories are
+ * already wrapped by define.lint; merging belongs to the tool adapters.
+ */
+export const resolveConfigLayers = async <K extends keyof Configs>(
+  layers: readonly Configs[],
+  kind: K,
+  ...args: ConfigArgs<K>
+): Promise<ConfigValues[K][]> => {
+  const configs: ConfigValues[K][] = [];
+
+  for (const layer of layers) {
+    const definition = layer[kind];
+    if (definition === undefined) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // A staged function generates tasks from file names; it is not a factory.
+    if (kind !== 'staged' && typeof definition === 'function') {
+      const factory = definition as (
+        ...args: ConfigArgs<K>
+      ) => ConfigValues[K] | Promise<ConfigValues[K]>;
+      configs.push(await factory(...args));
+    } else {
+      configs.push(definition as ConfigValues[K]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return configs;
+};
diff --git a/packages/rstack/tests/config/layers.test.ts b/packages/rstack/tests/config/layers.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..769ba8fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/rstack/tests/config/layers.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import type { ConfigParams } from 'rstack/app';
+import { expect, rs, test } from 'rstack/test';
+import { resolveConfigLayers } from '../../src/configLayers.ts';
+
+test('resolves only the selected tool sequentially with native parameters', async () => {
+  const order: string[] = [];
+  const base = async ({ env }: ConfigParams) => {
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    order.push('base');
+    return { root: env };
+  };
+  const project = ({ command }: ConfigParams) => {
+    order.push('project');
+    return { root: command };
+  };
+  const unrelated = rs.fn(() => ({}));
+  const layers = [{ app: base }, { app: project, fmt: unrelated }];
+
+  expect(
+    await resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'app', {
+      command: 'build',
+      env: 'production',
+    }),
+  ).toEqual([{ root: 'production' }, { root: 'build' }]);
+  expect(order).toEqual(['base', 'project']);
+  expect(unrelated).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test('skips missing definitions while preserving explicitly empty configs', async () => {
+  const layers = [{}, { test: {}, lint: [] }, { test: () => ({ retry: 1 }) }];
+
+  expect(await resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'test')).toEqual([{}, { retry: 1 }]);
+  expect(await resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'lint')).toEqual([[]]);
+  expect(await resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'fmt')).toEqual([]);
+});
+
+test('preserves staged task generators without invoking them', async () => {
+  const generator = rs.fn(() => ['rs fmt']);
+  const tasks = { '*.ts': 'rs lint' };
+  const layers = [{ staged: tasks }, { staged: generator }];
+
+  expect(await resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'staged')).toEqual([
+    tasks,
+    generator,
+  ]);
+  expect(generator).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test('stops at a failed factory and preserves its error', async () => {
+  const error = new Error('Invalid shared config');
+  const project = rs.fn(() => ({}));
+  const layers = [{ fmt: () => Promise.reject(error) }, { fmt: project }];
+
+  await expect(resolveConfigLayers(layers, 'fmt')).rejects.toBe(error);
+  expect(project).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});