diff --git a/doc/api/zlib.md b/doc/api/zlib.md
index 656331d9b08e..be7e8bad8599 100644
--- a/doc/api/zlib.md
+++ b/doc/api/zlib.md
@@ -2200,6 +2200,12 @@ configured for a Zstd compressor, it applies again to the next frame.
 
 Calling `reset()` while a write is in progress throws an `Error`.
 
+Calling `reset()` on a Zstd compressor while a frame is still in progress throws
+an `Error` with the code `ERR_ZLIB_INCOMPLETE_FRAME`. Resetting at that point
+would discard the frame state while the bytes already written out remain at the
+start of the output stream, leaving it undecodable. Call `.flush()` and
+`.end()`, or start over with a new stream, instead.
+
 ## Class: `ZstdOptions`
 
 > Stability: 1 - Experimental
diff --git a/src/node_errors.h b/src/node_errors.h
index cab1dc76dcc7..2e65f8ef6d1e 100644
--- a/src/node_errors.h
+++ b/src/node_errors.h
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ void OOMErrorHandler(const char* location, const v8::OOMDetails& details);
   V(ERR_VM_MODULE_CACHED_DATA_REJECTED, Error)                                 \
   V(ERR_VM_MODULE_LINK_FAILURE, Error)                                         \
   V(ERR_WASI_NOT_STARTED, Error)                                               \
+  V(ERR_ZLIB_INCOMPLETE_FRAME, Error)                                          \
   V(ERR_ZLIB_INITIALIZATION_FAILED, Error)                                     \
   V(ERR_WORKER_INIT_FAILED, Error)                                             \
   V(ERR_PROTO_ACCESS, Error)
diff --git a/src/node_zlib.cc b/src/node_zlib.cc
index 810df1c779fd..93db4ce11fe1 100644
--- a/src/node_zlib.cc
+++ b/src/node_zlib.cc
@@ -352,6 +352,13 @@ class ZstdCompressContext final : public ZstdContext {
 
   uint64_t pledged_src_size_ = ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_UNKNOWN;
   std::optional<uint64_t> consumed_src_size_;
+
+  // Tracks whether the current frame has been fully flushed. A frame is only
+  // complete once ZSTD_compressStream2() has been called with ZSTD_e_end and
+  // has returned 0. Resetting while a frame is still in progress silently
+  // discards the frame state, so any bytes already written out remain as an
+  // unusable fragment at the start of the output stream.
+  bool frame_complete_ = true;
 };
 
 class ZstdDecompressContext final : public ZstdContext {
@@ -1678,6 +1685,7 @@ CompressionError ZstdCompressContext::Init(uint64_t pledged_src_size,
                                            std::string_view dictionary,
                                            bool) {
   pledged_src_size_ = pledged_src_size;
+  frame_complete_ = true;
   if (pledged_src_size == ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_UNKNOWN) {
     consumed_src_size_.reset();
   } else {
@@ -1718,6 +1726,20 @@ CompressionError ZstdCompressContext::Init(uint64_t pledged_src_size,
 }
 
 CompressionError ZstdCompressContext::ResetStream() {
+  // Resetting drops the state of the frame currently being compressed. If that
+  // frame was already partially written out (for example by an earlier
+  // flush()), those bytes cannot be discarded and the next frame will be
+  // appended to an incomplete frame, producing an unreadable stream. zstd
+  // requires internal buffers to be fully flushed before a new compression job
+  // starts, so refuse instead of silently corrupting the output.
+  if (!frame_complete_) {
+    return CompressionError(
+        "Cannot reset a zstd stream with an incomplete frame; end the frame "
+        "or discard the output produced so far",
+        "ERR_ZLIB_INCOMPLETE_FRAME",
+        ZSTD_error_stage_wrong);
+  }
+
   size_t result = ZSTD_CCtx_reset(cctx_.get(), ZSTD_reset_session_only);
   if (ZSTD_isError(result)) {
     const ZSTD_ErrorCode error = ZSTD_getErrorCode(result);
@@ -1755,15 +1777,20 @@ void ZstdCompressContext::DoThreadPoolWork() {
     error_ = ZSTD_getErrorCode(remaining);
     error_code_string_ = ZstdStrerror(error_);
     error_string_ = ZSTD_getErrorString(error_);
-  } else if (remaining == 0 && flush_ == ZSTD_e_end &&
-             consumed_src_size_.has_value()) {
-    uint64_t const consumed_src_size = *consumed_src_size_;
-    consumed_src_size_.reset();
-    if (consumed_src_size != pledged_src_size_) {
-      error_ = ZSTD_error_srcSize_wrong;
-      error_code_string_ = ZstdStrerror(error_);
-      error_string_ = ZSTD_getErrorString(error_);
+    frame_complete_ = false;
+  } else if (remaining == 0 && flush_ == ZSTD_e_end) {
+    frame_complete_ = true;
+    if (consumed_src_size_.has_value()) {
+      uint64_t const consumed_src_size = *consumed_src_size_;
+      consumed_src_size_.reset();
+      if (consumed_src_size != pledged_src_size_) {
+        error_ = ZSTD_error_srcSize_wrong;
+        error_code_string_ = ZstdStrerror(error_);
+        error_string_ = ZSTD_getErrorString(error_);
+      }
     }
+  } else {
+    frame_complete_ = false;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-zlib-zstd-reset-incomplete-frame.js b/test/parallel/test-zlib-zstd-reset-incomplete-frame.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..182c9e64da1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-zlib-zstd-reset-incomplete-frame.js
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Tests that reset() refuses to run while a zstd frame is still in progress.
+//
+// A frame is only complete once ZSTD_compressStream2() has been called with
+// ZSTD_e_end and returned 0. Resetting earlier dropped the frame state, and any
+// bytes already written out (for example by flush()) stayed in the output
+// stream as an unusable fragment. The next frame was then appended to that
+// fragment, so the resulting stream could not be decompressed.
+
+require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { finished } = require('stream/promises');
+const test = require('node:test');
+const zlib = require('zlib');
+
+test('ZstdCompress reset throws when a frame is incomplete', async () => {
+  const stream = zlib.createZstdCompress();
+  const chunks = [];
+  stream.on('data', (chunk) => chunks.push(chunk));
+
+  stream.write(Buffer.from('hello'));
+  await new Promise((resolve) => stream.flush(resolve));
+
+  // The frame started by write() is still open, so reset() must refuse
+  // instead of silently producing a stream that cannot be decoded.
+  stream.reset();
+  stream.end(Buffer.from('world'));
+
+  await assert.rejects(finished(stream), {
+    code: 'ERR_ZLIB_INCOMPLETE_FRAME',
+  });
+});
+
+test('ZstdCompress flush followed by end still produces a valid stream',
+     async () => {
+       const stream = zlib.createZstdCompress();
+       const chunks = [];
+       stream.on('data', (chunk) => chunks.push(chunk));
+
+       stream.write(Buffer.from('hello'));
+       await new Promise((resolve) => stream.flush(resolve));
+       stream.end(Buffer.from('world'));
+       await finished(stream);
+
+       assert.strictEqual(
+         zlib.zstdDecompressSync(Buffer.concat(chunks)).toString(),
+         'helloworld',
+       );
+     });
+
+test('ZstdCompress reset before any write still works', async () => {
+  const stream = zlib.createZstdCompress();
+  const chunks = [];
+  stream.on('data', (chunk) => chunks.push(chunk));
+
+  // No frame has been started yet, so reset() is allowed.
+  stream.reset();
+  stream.end(Buffer.from('hello'));
+  await finished(stream);
+
+  assert.strictEqual(
+    zlib.zstdDecompressSync(Buffer.concat(chunks)).toString(),
+    'hello',
+  );
+});