diff --git a/docs/agents/skill-change.md b/docs/agents/skill-change.md
index ca4a31f4..4136f17e 100644
--- a/docs/agents/skill-change.md
+++ b/docs/agents/skill-change.md
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 2. **`bailian-protocol` 是共享协议 skill**，业务 skill 执行前应 Read 它
 3. **不要**在 frontmatter 写 `companions`，也不要对外说「companions = 安装器硬依赖」
 4. 子集安装：`bl skill add --name bailian-protocol,<skill>`；漏装 protocol 会导致相对路径 Read 失败
-5. **`bl skill add --all`：** 安装 registry 全量（含 `spark-video` 等非 bailian 技能）；一键安装 / `bl update` 用 `skill init`，不要用 `--all`
+5. **`bl skill add --all`：** 安装 registry 全量（含 `spark-video` 等非 bailian 技能）；不要用 `--all` 做升级同步。首次 / 整包用 `bl skill init`。升级后自动同步以及 `bl update` 成功后用 `bl skill update`（只更新已安装，不装新 skill）。
 
 ## 概念图
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ bailian-gen      bailian-finetune  bailian-managed-agent   bailian-web-search
 
 ### A. 分层边界
 
-- [ ] **整包装齐**：安装/升级文案主推 `bl skill init`；业务 skill **不**声明 `companions`
+- [ ] **整包装齐**：安装 / 缺 skill 文案主推 `bl skill init`；升级同步用 `bl skill update`（只更新已安装，不装新 skill）；业务 skill **不**声明 `companions`
 - [ ] **协议读取**：CRITICAL / references 可链 `../bailian-protocol/…`；若读不到 → 停止执行 `bl`，提示 `bl skill init`
 - [ ] **高风险确认**：统一由 `bailian-protocol` 定义；reference / leaf help 以 `risk: high` 明示风险，业务 skill 不得引导 Agent 自动补 `--yes`。遇到 exit code 7 / `requires_confirmation` 时停止执行并请求确认；目标或范围变化后重新确认
 - [ ] **正常控制流**：`requires_confirmation` 不是 CLI bug，`assets/issue-reporting.md` 必须将 exit code 7 保持在 EXCLUDE 范围
diff --git a/packages/commands/src/commands/update.ts b/packages/commands/src/commands/update.ts
index cfbceb48..f7753e0c 100644
--- a/packages/commands/src/commands/update.ts
+++ b/packages/commands/src/commands/update.ts
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ import {
   type AnsiStyles,
 } from "bailian-cli-runtime";
 
-const SKILL_INSTALL_CMD = "bl skill init";
+const SKILL_UPDATE_CMD = "bl skill update";
 
 function updateAgentSkill(color: AnsiStyles): void {
   process.stderr.write("\nUpdating agent skill...\n");
   try {
-    execSync(SKILL_INSTALL_CMD, { stdio: "inherit" });
+    execSync(SKILL_UPDATE_CMD, { stdio: "inherit" });
     process.stderr.write(`${color.green("\u2713 Agent skill updated.")}\n`);
   } catch {
     process.stderr.write(
-      `${color.yellow(`Agent skill update skipped. Run manually: ${SKILL_INSTALL_CMD}`)}\n`,
+      `${color.yellow(`Agent skill update skipped. Run manually: ${SKILL_UPDATE_CMD}`)}\n`,
     );
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/commands/tests/update-binary-skill-sync.test.ts b/packages/commands/tests/update-binary-skill-sync.test.ts
index 6a55a8ba..547faa08 100644
--- a/packages/commands/tests/update-binary-skill-sync.test.ts
+++ b/packages/commands/tests/update-binary-skill-sync.test.ts
@@ -45,18 +45,42 @@ afterEach(() => {
   vi.clearAllMocks();
 });
 
-test("binary bl update syncs bailian skills after the CLI update succeeds", async () => {
+const identity = {
+  binName: "bl",
+  clientName: "bailian-cli",
+  npmPackage: "bailian-cli",
+  version: "1.14.3",
+};
+
+function expectSkillUpdateNotInit(): void {
+  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("bl skill update", { stdio: "inherit" });
+  expect(
+    childProcessMocks.execSync.mock.calls.some((call) => String(call[0]).includes("skill init")),
+  ).toBe(false);
+}
+
+test("binary bl update refreshes installed skills and does not run skill init", async () => {
   await updateCommand.run({
-    identity: {
-      binName: "bl",
-      clientName: "bailian-cli",
-      npmPackage: "bailian-cli",
-      version: "1.14.3",
-    },
+    identity,
     flags: { to: "1.15.0" },
     settings: {},
   } as never);
 
   expect(runtimeMocks.performBinaryUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledWith("1.15.0");
-  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("bl skill init", { stdio: "inherit" });
+  expectSkillUpdateNotInit();
+});
+
+test("npm bl update refreshes installed skills and does not run skill init", async () => {
+  process.env.BAILIAN_INSTALL_METHOD = "npm";
+
+  await updateCommand.run({
+    identity,
+    flags: { to: "1.15.0" },
+    settings: {},
+  } as never);
+
+  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("npm install -g bailian-cli@1.15.0", {
+    stdio: "inherit",
+  });
+  expectSkillUpdateNotInit();
 });
diff --git a/packages/runtime/src/utils/update-checker.ts b/packages/runtime/src/utils/update-checker.ts
index 65999c0b..ed492a64 100644
--- a/packages/runtime/src/utils/update-checker.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime/src/utils/update-checker.ts
@@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ async function syncAgentSkillsAfterUpdate(
   try {
     process.stderr.write(`  ${dim}Syncing agent skill...${reset}\n`);
     const { execSync } = await import("child_process");
-    execSync("bl skill init", { stdio: "inherit" });
+    execSync("bl skill update", { stdio: "inherit" });
     process.stderr.write(`  ${green}\u2713 Agent skill updated.${reset}\n\n`);
   } catch (error) {
     process.stderr.write(
       `  ${yellow}\u26a0 Agent skill sync failed: ${errorMessage(error)}${reset}\n`,
     );
-    process.stderr.write(`  ${yellow}  Run manually: bl skill init${reset}\n\n`);
+    process.stderr.write(`  ${yellow}  Run manually: bl skill update${reset}\n\n`);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/runtime/tests/update-checker.test.ts b/packages/runtime/tests/update-checker.test.ts
index 7c1dc0b8..1f290c1f 100644
--- a/packages/runtime/tests/update-checker.test.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime/tests/update-checker.test.ts
@@ -170,10 +170,30 @@ test("shouldAutoUpdate only targets stable releases with a significant gap", ()
   expect(shouldAutoUpdate("1.4.2", "1.4.2-beta.1")).toBe(false);
 });
 
-test("binary auto-update syncs bailian skills after the CLI update succeeds", async () => {
+function expectSkillUpdateNotInit(): void {
+  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("bl skill update", { stdio: "inherit" });
+  expect(
+    childProcessMocks.execSync.mock.calls.some((call) => String(call[0]).includes("skill init")),
+  ).toBe(false);
+}
+
+test("binary auto-update refreshes installed skills and does not run skill init", async () => {
   const updated = await performAutoUpdate("1.14.3", "2.0.0");
 
   expect(updated).toBe(true);
   expect(binaryUpdateMocks.performBinaryUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledWith("2.0.0");
-  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("bl skill init", { stdio: "inherit" });
+  expectSkillUpdateNotInit();
+});
+
+test("npm auto-update refreshes installed skills and does not run skill init", async () => {
+  process.env.BAILIAN_INSTALL_METHOD = "npm";
+  childProcessMocks.execSync.mockReturnValue("");
+
+  const updated = await performAutoUpdate("1.14.3", "2.0.0");
+
+  expect(updated).toBe(true);
+  expect(childProcessMocks.execSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith("npm install -g bailian-cli@latest", {
+    stdio: "inherit",
+  });
+  expectSkillUpdateNotInit();
 });
diff --git a/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/issue-reporting.md b/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/issue-reporting.md
index 28e9faca..0a88893a 100644
--- a/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/issue-reporting.md
+++ b/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/issue-reporting.md
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Offer reporting when **none** of EXCLUDE applies **and** any of the following ho
 
 ### Before offering to report
 
-1. Align versions: [SKILL.md → Version & updates](../SKILL.md#version--updates-after-provider-selection-before-the-first-bl-command) — run `bl update` and `bl skill init` if mismatched.
+1. Align versions: [SKILL.md → Version & updates](../SKILL.md#version--updates-after-provider-selection-before-the-first-bl-command) — run `bl update` and `bl skill update` if mismatched. If needed skills are missing, run `bl skill init`.
 2. Confirm `bl auth status` is healthy (for commands that need auth).
 3. Retry once with `--verbose` if stderr was thin.
 
diff --git a/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/versioning.md b/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/versioning.md
index 7b368289..6de95f88 100644
--- a/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/versioning.md
+++ b/skills/bailian-protocol/assets/versioning.md
@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@
    ```
    If this fails, see [Missing `bl`](#missing-bl) below.
 3. Compare the two versions (ignore the `bl` prefix; compare only `X.Y.Z`):
-   - If `metadata.version` ≠ `bl --version`, refresh skills before doing anything else:
+   - If `metadata.version` ≠ `bl --version`, refresh already-installed skills before doing anything else:
      ```bash
-     bl skill init
+     bl skill update
      ```
+   - If `bailian-protocol` or another needed skill is missing, stop and run `bl skill init`. Do not use `bl skill init` only to refresh versions — it installs every `bailian-*` skill.
    - Do not trust a stale `reference/` when versions mismatch — flags may be wrong.
 4. Check the latest published CLI version:
    ```bash
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@
 5. If the installed `bl` is **older** than the latest npm version, **STOP** the current task and **ask the user** (report skill version, installed CLI version, and npm latest):
    > A newer version of bl is available (current: X.Y.Z, latest: A.B.C). Upgrade before continuing?
    - **Do NOT auto-upgrade silently** — the user decides.
-   - If the user agrees: run `bl update`, then continue. (`bl update` uses the detected install channel and, on success, also runs `bl skill init` to keep skills in lockstep across all agent apps.)
+   - If the user agrees: run `bl update`, then continue. (`bl update` uses the detected install channel and, on success, also runs `bl skill update` to refresh already-installed skills; it does not install new skills. First-time install still uses `bl skill init`.)
    - If the user declines: continue with the current version and note it in the summary.
    - If `npm view` / `bl update` fails (offline, registry blocked, permission): continue with the current `bl` and tell the user it could not be updated.
 6. Only proceed with the user's actual task after the above is resolved.